ROBOTICS: Robotics History

Robotics 

Where did the word Robot come from?

·         Karel Capek – used the word robot in his play R.U.R (Rossum’s Universal Robot) Robot – forced labor or Serf

What is a robot?

·         Programmable multifunctional manipulator designed to move materials, parts, tool or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks.

·         Josef Capek – brother, actual inventor of the word robot from the Czech word Robota meaning servitude

What is robotics?

·         The science of studying and creating robots. A very broad and interesting science because of many fascinating aspects like human.

·         A new science

Three Laws of Robotics (Isaac Asimov)

1.       May not injure

2.       Obey

3.        Protect its own existence

4.        Reproduce

5.       Zeroth law – a robot may not injure humanity, or through inaction, allow humanity to come to harm.

Short history of Robotics

270 BC – 1949 Imagining Robots

1950 – 1979 The birth of the industrial robot

1980 – present The robotic age

1921 – Term robot was 1^st used in a play called R.U.R.

1941 – Isaac Asimov’s Liar

1942 – Isaac Asimov’s Runaround

1948 – Norbert Wiener’s Cybernetics

1956 – World’s first robot company (Unimation) – George Charles Devol Jr. and Joseph F. Engelberger

1959 – Computer assisted manufacturing (MIT Servomechanisms Lab)

1961 – 1^st industrial Robot in New Jersey (Unimate)

1963 – Rancho arm (Rancho Los Amigos Hospital)

1965 – Dendral – 1^st expert system program

1968 – Tentacle arm (Marvin Minsky)

1969 – Stanford arm (Victor Scheinman)

1970 – Shakey (SRI International)

1974 – Silver arm

1979 – Stanford Cart

1997 – Sojourner

1998 – Furby (Tiger Electronics)
- Robotics Invention System 1.0

1999 – Robotics Discovery Set, Droid Developer Kit, Robotics Invention System 1.5
- AIBO

2000 – ASIMO
- Robotics Invention System 2.0

2001 – Mindstorms Ultimate Builder’s Set

2006 – Mindstorms NXT platform

2009 – 2.0 version

2012 – NXT Robotics 3.0